Hepatitis C virus (HCV)

Hepatitis C is a chronic inflammation of the liver caused by a virus. In advanced stages, it can cause cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver. It also can lead to liver cancer.

An estimated four million people in the United States are infected with the hepatitis C virus - many of them are unaware that they have the disease. The virus kills as many as 12,000 people a year. The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) estimates annual deaths from hepatitis C will increase to 38,000 by 2010.

Symptoms of Hepatitis C

Signs of the disease may not appear for as long as 20 years after infection. Approximately 70 percent of the people with hepatitis C have no symptoms whatsoever. Most don't know they have it, yet they are carriers.

Short term symptoms can include:
Jaundice
Pale stools
Dark urine
Loss of energy, appetite
Fever

Long term symptoms can include:
Cirrhosis of the liver
Liver cancer

Transmission of Hepatitis C virus

Hepatitis C, which is most commonly first detected in people ages 30 to 40, can result from:
blood transfusions before 1990
receipt of an organ transplant prior to 1992
receipt of clotting factor concentrates before 1987
haemo dialysis
hemophilia
any exposure to the blood of a person with hepatitis C
needle stick injuries
intravenous and intranasal drug use
unsterile tattoos
body piercing
sharing toothbrushes, nail files and clippers, razors or needles with infected blood (in rare instances)

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